| Think every be advantageous to all |
[03 May 2012|10:07am] |
Certainly, though the gene is selfish to say to be started to living creature of educational circles, actually, the ego conservancy says to early be existed to social science boundary.In the economics, according to individual of the ego conservancy say to judge a behavior property of usually be called behavior utilitarianism:Think every be advantageous to all of individual activities is okay, but every after being advantageous to the activity of another living creature while being the means that its ego keeps be okay.The ego conservancy in social philosophy says that the theory can trace back to Huo cloth Si, he inheritted sex of the Fu benefit of Ma Ji Ya bad say, think the person's natural man's natural character'mainly is an ego conservancy, sometimes then for the sake of own of happiness',Buy Indiana Pacers hats 'in the process of attaining this purpose, each other the dint diagram destroy or conquer the other party', as a result'invasion I also face the same danger from other people';Therefore, 'because of people so mutual doubt and fear, hence, way the most reasonable of the self-preservation be preemptive, is also by force or machine Zha to control everything he can control of person, until he sees have no other strength to be good enough to endanger him'.[5] is to say, before national emergence in the state of nature, the person is selfish, fears, greedy, and the mutual guards against mutually, hostile and cruel good Dou of, with the result that the mankind society is like wolf placed in'the whole persons oppose all the wars of the persons status'.Therefore, the Huo cloth Si gives the first of the natural method the basic rule is to keep ego:'Each person as long as have the hope to acquire peace, should try hard for peace;While canning not get peace, he can look for and make use of the whole beneficial condition and help of war'.[6] just because of such, west quarter the Wei gram think, 'at Huo cloth Si of in the development process of system, we usually discover be regarded as an ultimate end purpose and proper conduct standard of is a conservancy-but be not happiness-or keep and happy of compromised thing'.[7]
However, though animal is go to mankind this kind of according to instinct of the impulse keeping themselves deliver the Chan for numerous scholars, but, whether can excite to conduct and actions to benefit oneself with this instinct and benefit others of distinction standard, even use this instinct cheap sun glasses to excite to is a person BE'egoism'of evidence, equally exist many problems.
First, the content of the egoism and ego keep nonexistent consistency.1.Isn't all egos to keep behavior is all egoism of, such as to healthy of normal concern, to resisting of robber etc.;Actually, from Ma Er Sa Si and the Darwin, the social biology has been emphasizing competition on the tradition and proper existence, but we are very difficult avoid the behavior starving seeing as selfish.2.There is the behavior that many egos keeps even being the motive that proceeds from altruism;For example, take charge of Ma Qian to bear with the Ru of castration 《historical records 》 is for the sake of the completion, while Su's force bear with breeze snow in the North Sea and stubborn existence also for the sake of to man dynasty transmission geography humanities circumstance in Western Regions.3.Not all egoism behavior is the ego keeps, more considerations of egoist of is to seek pleasant but isn't a life, the consideration is benefits in the near future but be not long-term, even someone may proceed from egoism but try to commit suicide, though its life is still very important for others, but himself hopes because of feeling to feel sick of this whole life;Qian Mu says that'the suicide is a matter in cultural life, a matter in the not natural life.Natural life begs to living, while cultural life even begs dead.Beg dead to also have one purpose, is solve to put from the natural life, beg a freedom'.[8]4.According to residing the viewpoint of friend, the person's behavior doesn't all not is the purpose that proceeds from himself/herself conservancy, contrary usually have risky hobby, can acquire a happiness from the adventure and the conflict;This not only performance on the person's activity, also performance on the person's intelligence, this similar at what any Bo Lun speaks'curious about instinct'.Reside friend for instance to say, one calls virtuous of Bao of British Gu body one person hunt in Africa, there is time being almost lifted by a head of lion to turn over in the ground;So, 'under the sistuation that risk death to have no advantage to the person, why will the person stick his/her neck out?'[9] so, rice fills Si to say, in the tradition sacrifice personal benefits or give up to seek pleasant to see as have morals of, but'this kind of viewpoint neglected the most important problem, namely morals of real value not is sacrifice oneself, but this sacrifice wants to attain of purpose.Is also say, only is a purpose of morals but sacrifice under personal premise of benefits, this sacrifice is to conform to moral.Is some artificial a business of justice presume to give up go to own the whole, until property and blood, but a little bit another persons wish to make one to be some not give society bring the meaningless sacrifice of any advantage, this both have wide difference'.
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