http://www.slate.com/articles/technology/bitwise/2015/10/volkswagen_s_emissions_scandal_has_a_villain_and_it_s_the_not_the_people.html

Every scandal needs a face, but the parade of drab German middle managers in the Volkswagen emissions-testing scandal has yet to produce the right one. It’s not Martin Winterkorn, who resigned as the company’s CEO last week after it was revealed that Volkswagen had installed “defeat devices” on more than 11 million diesel cars since 2009, causing them to “cheat” on emissions testing, producing acceptable admissions when tested before revving up to more than 40 times over that limit in real usage. With such a cartoonishly outrageous mission, the cheating device itself is more colorful and malevolent than any of the purported wrongdoers we’ve seen so far.